Stable constrained dynamics
Maxime Tournier, Matthieu Nesme, Benjamin Gilles, Francois Faure
In ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG), 34(4), August 2015.
Abstract: We present a unification of the two main approaches to simulate deformable solids, namely elasticity and constraints. Elasticity accurately handles soft to moderately stiff objects, but becomes numerically hard as stiffness increases. Constraints efficiently handle high stiffness, but when integrated in time they can suffer from instabilities in the nullspace directions, generating spurious transverse vibrations when pulling hard on thin inextensible objects or articulated rigid bodies. We show that geometric stiffness, the tensor encoding the change of force directions (as opposed to intensities) in response to a change of positions, is the missing piece between the two approaches. This previously neglected stiffness term is easy to implement and dramatically improves the stability of inextensible objects and articulated chains, without adding artificial bending forces. This allows time step increases up to several orders of magnitude using standard linear solvers.
Article URL: http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/2766969
BibTeX format:
@article{10.1145-2766969,
  author = {Maxime Tournier and Matthieu Nesme and Benjamin Gilles and Francois Faure},
  title = {Stable constrained dynamics},
  journal = {ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)},
  volume = {34},
  number = {4},
  articleno = {132},
  month = aug,
  year = {2015},
}
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