Exposing photo manipulation with inconsistent shadows
Eric Kee, James O'Brien, Hany Farid
In ACM Transactions on Graphics, 32(3), June 2013.
Abstract: We describe a geometric technique to detect physically inconsistent arrangements of shadows in an image. This technique combines multiple constraints from cast and attached shadows to constrain the projected location of a point light source. The consistency of the shadows is posed as a linear programming problem. A feasible solution indicates that the collection of shadows is physically plausible, while a failure to find a solution provides evidence of photo tampering.
@article{Kee:2013:EPM,
author = {Eric Kee and James O'Brien and Hany Farid},
title = {Exposing photo manipulation with inconsistent shadows},
journal = {ACM Transactions on Graphics},
volume = {32},
number = {3},
pages = {28:1--28:12},
month = jun,
year = {2013},
}
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