Abstract: This paper introduces a binary accelerating structure, IsoBAS, to support GPU-based full-resolution real-time isosurface rendering for large datasets with dynamically varying isovalues. By looking up this structure during the ray-tracing stage, the algorithm can rapidly locate active cells along rays. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is much faster (up to 28 times) than current state-of-the-art algorithms. Furthermore, it has a much smaller memory footprint, now enabling GPUs to process large datasets on which previous GPU algorithms would fail due to a lack of available memory. To the authors׳ knowledge, this is the fastest dynamic isosurface rendering algorithm ever reported for operation on a single computer.